Cooperative learning

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.    Background of Problem

Method of language teaching is a pola which is needed as an orientation in a teaching learning or tutorial. The method of language teaching must refer to phenomenological which will be used. Include of the learning purposes, the environment and management of class. From learning the teacher can help the student to get the information, idea, skill, mainstream, can implemented the idea and it can be used to create the teaching learning method.

In education cooperative learning has a history. On the previous teacher have encouraged the student make the cooperation in the team work and in discussion, debate, and extension course. The expert said that the cooperative learning not only help the student get to know the difficult concept but also it can make the students have the critical analysis.

So, the cooperative learning is a method which made the teacher as a leader in the teaching leaning process.

2. Identification of Problems

1.      What is cooperative learning?

2.      What is the purpose of cooperative learning?

3.      What are the characteristics of cooperative learning?

4.      What are the models of cooperative learning?

5.      What are the teacher roles in cooperative learning process?

6.      What are the syntaxes of cooperative learning?

C.     The Purpose

The purposes of this paper are to open our mind (English Education Department students) about many kinds of teaching methods which are better to be applied to teach our students and challenge us to make a new interesting method.

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A.    Explanation of Cooperative Learning

Cooperative learning isn’t new idea in education, but it has been being used by the teacher to certain purpose, such as assignment or certain report.

Some educational experts define cooperative learning, they are:

According to Salvin (1995) cooperative learning is one of methods of learning which using group system. Student are divided into small group (one group consist of 4-6 students) collaboratively. Its aim is to give students a stimulus to be more active and enthusiasm.

According to Anite lie (2000) cooperative learning is a gathering together in a learning process where the system is giving the chance to the students to study together with their friend in structural material (selected material)

According to Azizah (1998) cooperative learning is a strategy of learning which involve the students to learn collaboratively to reach the target of learning.

B.     Purpose of Cooperative Learning

Cooperative learning has the main purposes which are very important as resumed:

-          To reach the target of learning process (increasing student’s academic score).

-          Train the students to accept and respect the differences of social, race, culture and their friend’s goodness and weakness.

-          Train the students how to gathering together and collaborate

C.    Characteristics of Cooperative Learning

Cooperative learning seems similar with study in group, but not every study in group is called cooperative learning. Bennet (1995) said that there are five base elements which are different of cooperative learning and study in group.

They are:

-          Positive Independence: feedback which is based on same interest

-          Personal Responsibility: students are recognizing the material of the lessons in group, and then they have to be responsible to share what they know and help their friend comprehending the materials.

-          Face to Face Promote the Interaction: face to face interaction among students without any mediator

-          Interpersonal Skill: (communication among members of group) make a good social relationship, and effective way of study.

-          Group Processing: increase the ability of solving problem in a group

D.    Kind of Cooperative learning

In cooperative learning there are several kinds of method varieties. They are: 

Jigsaw

Encourage the students to be more active and gathering each other to mastering the materials to reach maximal score and its implementation is made step by step.

Group Investigation

In this method, students are divided into groups (one group consist of 4-5 students), student may choose the sub topic which they want to learn or may be selected by the teacher.

Listening Team

This method is begun by a material explanation from the teacher, then the teacher divided the students into small groups and every student has a different roles.

E.     The Teachers Roles In Cooperative Learning Process

Teachers have some roles in cooperative learning process, they are:

1.      As a facilitator

As a facilitator, the teachers should have some roles, they are:

-          The teachers should make fun, pleasant and confortable class

-          The teacher should encourage student’s motivation to express and explain which is on their mind, and which they knew.

-          Teacher preparing any sources which are needed in cooperative process and controlling the process

-          Teacher should explain the main purpose of cooperative learning process, and keep it always in effective process.

2.      As a Mediator

The teachers have a role to mediate the material of lesson and the daily problem which become a topic of cooperative learning process.

3.      As a Director and Motivator

The teacher should direct the discus process and keep it smooths but the teachers may not give the answer.

4.      As a Evaluator

The teacher have a role to evaluate the discuss process which is in progress

F.     Syntax Model of cooperative Learning process

Model of cooperative learning process, based on six phases:

-          Present Goals and Set:  Extend the purpose and preparing the students

-          Present Information: Present the information among the topic

-          Organize Student into Learning group: Divide students into groups

-          Assist Team Work and Study

-          Test on the Material: Evaluate the process and the goal

-          Provide Recognition: Giving recognition, respect and reward

CHAPTER III

CONCLUTION and SUGGESTION

A.    Conclusions

From paper above, we can conclude that:

-          Cooperative learning is one of learning methods where students study together or discuss in small groups to gathering together on comprehending the materials of lesson

-          The purposes of cooperative learning are to improve the academic score, learn to respect each other, to develop the social relationship among students, train students be more talk active and confident expressing their ideas.

-          Characters of cooperative learning are: Positive Independence, Personal Responsibility, Face to Face Promotive Interaction, Interpersonal Skill, and Group Processing.

-          Models of cooperative are: jigsaw, group investigation and listening team.

The Teachers roles in cooperative learning are: as a facilitator, mediator, director, motivator and evaluator

-          Syntax models of cooperative learning are: present goals and set, present information, organize student into learning teams, assist tem work and study, test on the materials and provide recognition.

B.     Sugestion

From the definitions of the paper above, we hope the readers can be aware to the importance of learning methods because it might become our provisions to teach our student later.